Manufacture and after treatment of artificial filaments, yarns, etc.



ug.*24, 1937. R, ETZKORN 2,090,862

MANUFACTURE AND AFTER TREATMENT OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, YARNS, ETC

Filed April l, 1933 Patented Aug. 24, 1937 UNiTED; STATES PATENT GFI@ MANUFACTURE AND AFTER. TREATMENT OIF ARTIFICIAL FILAIWEN'ES, YARNS, ETC.

Application April 1, 1933, Serial No. 663,891 In Germany May 9, 1932 6 Claims.

My present invention has to do with a new and novel method of manufacturing and treating laments, thread, yarn, etc., of artificial origin.

More specifically, my present invention concerns a method for producing artificial yarn etc., suitable for the weaving trade.

One object of the present invention is to simplify the manufacture of artificial filaments and threads by the so-called direct spool process.

Another object is to provide a method and means for wet-treating and drying such yarns so that a technically even shrinkage results.

Other objects will become apparent from a study of the accompanying drawing and of the following specification and claims.

In the drawing: A

Figure l is a plan View showing the manner in which the yarn is direct spool-spun;

Figure 2 is a view, showing schematically, the amount of yarn to be separated and removed from the spinning spool;

Figure 3 is a plan View of the twisting operation from the spinning to a twisting spool; and

Figure 4 is a comparative View of the two twisting spools after the removal of the yarn from the spinning spool is completed.

Processes are well-known in which yarn or filaments, for example of cellulose hydrate, such as viscose silk, are spun or extruded and collected directly upon rigid spools. 'Ihe usual manner of wet-treating, i. e., desulphurizing, decopping, bleaching, avivage, and the like, on such spools, is also well known. When yarn is dried upon such spools, however, a shrinkage occurs, and r when the yarn is later wet in any way, the uneven 0 drying on these rigid spools produces uneven shrinkage, making the yarn unsuitable for use in the weaving trade.

Processes have been used in which articial nlaments have been spool spun and washed and dried upon the spools. These filaments are then skeined and the skeins arestearned or otherwise moistened and again dried, the filaments have been found to possess a fairly uniform shrinkage.

In accordance with my present invention, a modification of this latter process is set forth. As shown in Figure l, the filaments which are extruded from the spinnerettes 2, pass through the setting bath 3 and upwardly through a thread guide 4 to be collected on a large spool 5. The

large spool, to which reference is made in this specification specifically, may be 320 mm. in diameter. However, it should be understood that I am not limiting myself to this particular diameter, but I am merely setting it forth for purposes of illustration. The ordinary spools upon which wet spun yarns are collected are 70, 110, and up to 125 mm. in diameter. For the purpose of illustration the spool 6, shown in the accompanying drawing, is indicated as a 125 mm. spool.

In accordance with my new process, the yarn is wound upon these large spools, and then wet treated as indicated before, and dried while upon these spools. Perforated or foraminated spools are therefore employed.

It has been found that when the yarn is used directly from this spool for the weaving trade, the middle or center portion of the yarn body possesses a technically even shrinkage, while the outer and inner portions show great irregularities. Y By technically even shrinkage, I mean that the shrinkage does not vary more than, for example, 1% throughout the length. Accordingly, extra lengths of yarn are spun upon large spools, and as shown in Figure 2, the yarn is withdrawn therefrom. a indicates the thickness of yarn on the outer side of the spool, b` the thickness of yarn at the center of the yarn body, and o the inner layers of yarn. In accordance with my process, the yarn is twisted, as is indicated in Figure 3, 0n the small or regular size spools E.

In carrying out my process, I rst twist ontothe spool 6, the outer section of the yarn body a. The spool is then changed and a second spool substituted. On this spool I spin the middle section of the yarn body b. I then remove the second spool and replace it with the one rst used. By tying the ends of the yarn together, that section of the yarn bodyindicated at c is wound upon the same spool as that indicated at a. I have found that the second spool containing the yarn body o, contains yarn possessing a technically even shrinkage and may be used without further shrinkage treatment in the weaving trade. The yarn containing the portions a and c upon the first spool, is then skeined, steamed or otherwise moistened, and redried. This second moistening gives to the outside and inside portions of the yarn body, an equalized shrinkage so that these portions may also be used, for example, by the weavers.

As a specific example of the manner in which my process may be carried out, the following is given:

Artificial laments from a viscose solution with an average denier of den. is wet spun onto a perforated spinning roller, 320 mm. in diameter. An elongated roller capable of taking up a plurality of yarn bodies from a plurality of spinning nozzles, may be employed. A length of thread of approximately 60,000 meters is spun as a yarn body upon this perforated spool. The laments so produced are Washed, for example, by the vacuum process, desulphurized, or otherwise Wet treated, and dried in the ordinary manner. The large spool is then placed in a position for rewinding and approximately 3,000 meters oi the thread are removed therefrom. This corresponds to the portion a in Figure 2. This yarn is usually twisted, in thus removing it from the large roller, although in some cases untwisted and/or undesulphurized yarn may be desired. The smaller collecting spool i-s then replaced by a second spool and a further 40,000 meters of the yarn is Wound thereon. The second Winding corresponds to the portion b in Figure 2. The second spool is then removed and the rst spool replaced. The remaining 17,000 meters of the yarn body is then Wound upon the rst spool on top of and as a continuation of the 3,000 meters Withdrawn from the big roller.

That portion of the yarn body upon the second spool, that is, that portion containing 40,000 meters, comprises the middle evenly shrunk porv tion or the original yarn body. The other spool,

containing the outside and inside portions, is skeined, wet treated and redried, and may then be rewound on the cops or sold as skeins, as desired. That yarn Wound upon the first spool containing the portion b of Figure 2, possess a technically even shrinkage and may be directly used in the trade.

Having now set forth my invention as required by the patent statutes, what I desire to claim is:

l.. In the production of yarn of artificial origin, the steps of Wet-spinning filaments or threads, winding them upon spools, Wet-treating and drying the yarn thus Wound, removing the yarn therefrom in three separate portions, and reg) wetting and redrying the first and third of said yarn portions.

2. In the production of yarn with a technically even shrinkage, the steps of spinning or extruding a length of yarn, collecting the yarn on a spool, and rewetting and redrying only the end portions of said length, leaving the middle portion untreated.

3. In a process of the type set forth, the steps oi spool spinning articial yarn, Wet treating and drying the yarn thus wound upon the spool, removing the yarn therefrom in separate portions, rewinding the outside and inside layers of yarn respectively on one spool, and then rewetting and redrying the said outside and inside layers of yarn.

4. In a process of the type set forth, the step of spool-spinning artificial yarn, Wet-treating and drying the yarn upon the spools, removing approximately 5% of the yarn body onto a separate spool, removing approximately 65% onto a different spool, rewinding the remainder on the spool containing the portion rst removed, and rewetting and redrying the yarn on the latter spool.

5. In a process for the production of articial yarn possessing even shrinkage, the steps of building up a Wound layered body of said yarn, by a suitable Winding operation, treating and drying the said body, Winding off the last wound layers of said yarn body onto a thread supporting means, removing the middle layers, then Winding off the rst Wound layers onto the last Wound layer on the said thread supporting means, so that a wound yarn body wherein shrinkage differences might occur is produced, and rewetting and redrying the yarn unit thus produced.

6. In the production of yarn of artificial origin, the steps of producing yarn, building up a Wound yarn body in which shrinkage differences can occur, Winding off the last Wound layers of said yarn body onto a thread supporting means, removing the middle layer, then winding oif the rst Wound layer onto the last Wound layer on the said thread supporting means, onto a body of the type first produced, and then by rewetting and redrying the body thus wound off, producing yarn With even shrinkage.

RUDOLF ETZKORN. 

